Very few diamonds are entirely free of internal or external characteristics. These so-called inclusions form during the natural creation of the stone deep within the earth's crust and represent some of its most individual features.
How Inclusions Form
Diamonds form over millions of years under extreme pressure and heat. During this process, mineral traces, tiny fractures, or growth irregularities can become embedded within the crystal. A distinction is made between internal characteristics, called inclusions, and external characteristics, known as blemishes.
Types of Inclusions
Common forms include crystal inclusions, fine fractures known as feathers, cloud formations, and growth lines. Each of these appearances results from different geological conditions and provides experts with clues about the stone's formation history.
How Inclusions Are Assessed
Gemologists evaluate inclusions based on several factors: size, number, position, contrast with the surrounding material, and visibility under tenfold magnification. These criteria form the basis for clarity grading, which ranges on internationally recognized scales from "Flawless" to "Included."
Documentation in the GIA Report
In the GIA report, inclusions are not only evaluated but also mapped. A so-called plotting diagram shows the exact position of visible characteristics within the stone. This documentation makes each diamond uniquely identifiable, as no two stones share the exact same inclusion map.
Relevance for Structured Ownership
At STIG GROUP, this precise documentation plays a central role. Every diamond traded through STIG INTERNATIONAL comes with a GIA certificate including a complete inclusion map. Within STIG ROCK, this transparency is used to ensure clear identification and traceable custody of each individual stone.